Write-Up: Wilms Tumor – A New PowerPoint Presentation
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Wilms Tumor (Nephroblastoma): Current Insights, Modern Management, and Recent Advances
Gold Standard: CT Abdomen with IV Contrast
- Large, well-circumscribed intrarenal mass.
- “Claw sign” (normal renal parenchyma surrounding tumor).
- Pre-op staging: Involves lymph nodes, liver, contralateral kidney.
Use visuals: ultrasound images, CT coronal sections, intraoperative photos, and treatment algorithm flowcharts. Keep text minimal – let the images and tables drive the learning.
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Wilms Tumor: An Overview
Wilms tumor, also known as nephroblastoma, is a type of cancer that primarily affects children. It is a malignant tumor that originates in the kidneys and is the most common type of kidney cancer in children.
Slide 12: Long-Term Follow-Up – Beyond Cure
Late Effects in Survivors (Childhood Cancer Survivor Study – 2024 data):
| Therapy | Risk | |---------|------| | Doxorubicin | Cardiomyopathy (20% by 30 years) | | Abdominal radiation | Secondary cancers (osteosarcoma, breast), scoliosis | | Nephrectomy | Hypertension, proteinuria, CKD Stage 2–3 | | Vincristine | Neuropathy, constipation, hearing loss |
: Thought to arise from abnormal embryological development of "nephrogenic rests" (immature kidney cells that persist after birth). : Associated with mutations in genes such as on chromosome 11. Associated Syndromes : Increased risk is seen in children with: WAGR Syndrome
Slide 4: Clinical Presentation
- Classic triad (less common now due to early detection):
