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Animal Behavior and Veterinary Science: 2026 Strategic Overview

• Heart rate & blood pressure: Fear causes transient hypertension, potentially masking cardiac disease.
• Glucose levels: Stress hyperglycemia in cats can mimic diabetes mellitus.
• Immune function: Corticosterone suppresses lymphocyte proliferation, affecting vaccine response and wound healing.

Self-Medication (Zoopharmacognosy): Some animals exhibit behaviors to treat their own ailments, such as eating specific plants to kill parasites. Heart rate & blood pressure: Fear causes transient

2. Introduction

Veterinary science has traditionally focused on pathophysiology and infectious disease. However, up to 40% of veterinary consultations involve primary or secondary behavioral complaints (Mills et al., 2020). Moreover, behavioral indicators—such as changes in feeding, grooming, or social interaction—are early markers of pain, neurological dysfunction, or systemic illness. This report synthesizes current knowledge on the bidirectional relationship between behavior and health. behavioral indicators—such as changes in feeding

Stress and Immunity: High cortisol levels from chronic stress can suppress an animal’s immune system, making them more susceptible to infections and slowing recovery times after surgery. affecting vaccine response and wound healing.

• Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs) like fluoxetine for generalized anxiety and compulsive disorders.
• Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCAs) like clomipramine, particularly effective for separation anxiety.
• Azapirones like buspirone for feline anxiety.
• Alpha-2 agonists like dexmedetomidine for acute stress events (e.g., fireworks, veterinary visits).

The Five Freedoms: This is a foundational veterinary framework used to ensure welfare by monitoring behavioral needs, such as the freedom to express normal behavior through proper space and enrichment. Fascinating "Unexpected" Behaviors